Disqualifications from Inheritance
Islamic law specifies certain conditions under which a person is barred from inheriting
the estate of a deceased individual. These rules protect the integrity of inheritance
and prevent violations of the Qur’anic shares.
Common Disqualifications
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Homicide: Any person who intentionally kills the deceased is
automatically disqualified from inheriting from the victim.
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Conversion: A non-Muslim heir who converts to another religion
is generally disqualified from inheriting from a Muslim relative.
-
Legal incapacity: Certain individuals, such as unrecognized legal
persons or those deemed mentally incompetent without guardianship, may be
restricted from inheriting directly.
-
Waiving inheritance: An heir who voluntarily renounces their right
to inheritance or has given a valid waiver cannot claim a share.
-
Death before the deceased: Heirs must be alive at the moment of
the deceased's death; if they die before, they are disqualified and their share
passes to their own heirs (if any).
-
Marriage restrictions: In some cases, marital relations may affect
inheritance (e.g., stepchildren, adopted children are not heirs).
“Those who violate the rights of others or act unjustly will be barred from inheritance;
justice and adherence to Sharia are paramount.”